83.080.20 (Thermoplastic materials) 标准查询与下载

ASTM D4894-15 聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)粒状模制材料和冲压挤制材料标准规范

1.1 This specification covers granular resins and test methods for polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) that have never been preformed or molded and are normally processed by methods similar to those used in powder metallurgy or ceramics, or by special extrusion processes. These PTFE resins are homopolymers of tetrafluoroethylene, or, in some cases, modified homopolymers containing not more than one percent by weight of other fluoromonomers. The usual methods of processing thermoplastics generally are not applicable to these materials because of their viscoelastic properties at processing temperatures. The materials included herein do not include mixtures of PTFE resin with additives such as colorants, fillers or plasticizers; nor do they include reprocessed or reground resin or any fabricated articles. The methods and properties included are those required to identify the various types of resins. Additional procedures are provided in the Appendix for further characterization of the resins. 1.2 The values stated in SI units as detailed in IEEE/ASTM SI-10 are to be regarded as the standard, and the practices of IEEE/ASTM SI-10 are incorporated herein. 1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the Specimen Preparation section, Section 9, and the Test Methods section, Section 10, of this specification: This specification does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Notes 3 and 9 for specific cautionary statements. Note 1: Information in this specification is technically equivalent to related information in ISO8201;12086-1 and ISO8201;12086-2.

Standard Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Granular Molding and Ram Extrusion Materials

ASTM D1693-15 乙烯塑料环境应力开裂标准试验方法

5.1 This test method may be used for routine inspection purposes by subjecting a required number of specimens to the test conditions for a specified time and noting the number that fail. The cracking obtained with the test reagent is indicative of what may be expected from a wide variety of surface-active agents, soaps, and organic substances that are not absorbed appreciably by the polymer. 5.2 Environmental stress-cracking is a property that is highly dependent upon the nature and level of the stresses applied and on the thermal history of the specimen (1). Under the conditions of the test method, high local multiaxial stresses are developed through the introduction of a controlled imperfection (2, 3). Environmental stress-cracking has been found to occur most readily under such conditions. Note 2: Different types of polyethylene plastics as defined in Specification D1248 are generally tested under different levels of strain and stress. When it is expressly desired to compare the types at equal levels of strain, the specimens for all types should be tested under Condition B, Table 1 (4) . (A) Dimensional values are not exactly equivalent. However, for referee purposes the metric units shall apply.(B) For referee purposes, concentration of Igepal will be consistent with the appropriate material standard. If no concentration is given, then 108201;% volume solution shall be used.(C) At a temperature of 100°C, a full-strength reagent, rather than an aqueous solution of a reagent, is generally used because solutions tend to change their compositions by water evaporation losses during the period of test. 5.3 Information from this test method is not intended to be used for direct application to engineering problems. Note 3: Caution should be used in comparing and ranking various ethylene plastics into distinct and separate groups by this test method (see Section 13 and Note 12). As thermal history is recognized as an important variable, test results by this test method employing laboratory molded samples cannot necessarily be expected to show agreement with test results from samples obtained by other means. The true performance potential of a given ethylene plastic may, however, best be determined with specimens obtained from commercially prepared items (5). ......

Standard Test Method for Environmental Stress-Cracking of Ethylene Plastics

ASTM D3641-15 热模塑和挤塑材料的喷射模塑法试样标准规程

5.1 It is well known that plastic test specimens molded under different conditions can have significantly different properties. This practice is designed to minimize those differences by establishing operating protocols without being unnecessarily restrictive. 5.2 Always refer to the ASTM material specification or ISO designation for the material for recommended molding conditions. If not available, consult the material supplier. 5.3 This practice requires the use of adequate quantities of plastic material to find desirable operating conditions and to make the desired test specimens. 1.1 This practice covers the general principles to be followed when injection molding test specimens of thermoplastic molding and extrusion materials. This practice is to be used to obtain uniformity in methods of describing the various steps of the injection molding process and to set up uniform methods of reporting these conditions. The exact conditions required to prepare suitable specimens will vary for each plastic material. Any requirements or recommendations in the material specification that differ from this standard take precedence over those in this standard. Always consult the referenced material document for specimen preparation. If no referenced document exists, then consult the material supplier for specimen preparation guidance and note such in the test report. 1.2 The methodology presented assumes the use of reciprocating screw injection molding machines. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1: This practice is equivalent to the following parts of ISO 294: Plastics—Injection Moulding of Test Specimens of Thermoplastic Materials; 294-1: Part 1—General Principles and Multipurpose Test Specimens (ISO Type A Mould) and Bars (ISO Type B Mould); ISO 294-2: Part 2—Small Tensile Bars (ISO Type C Mould); ISO 294-3: Part 3—Plates (ISO Type D Moulds).

Standard Practice for Injection Molding Test Specimens of Thermoplastic Molding and Extrusion Materials

ASTM D4441-15 聚四氟乙烯含水分散的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers aqueous dispersions of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) resins. These resins are homopolymers of tetrafluoroethylene, or in some cases modified homopolymers containing not more than 18201;% by weight of other fluoromonomers. 1.1.1 The dispersion is usually stabilized by one or more surfactants. Other non-PTFE materials may be present in total at 58201;% or less by weight for special purposes. 1.1.2 This specification is for virgin material only and does not address recycled material as it is not appropriate for dispersions. 1.2 This specification is used to determine if a shipment, lot, or container of PTFE dispersion is suitable for its intended use. It covers only aqueous dispersions of polytetrafluoroethylene. It does not cover PTFE copolymers or filled dispersions. This specification includes test methods for both aqueous dispersion and the PTFE in the dispersion. Note 1: Uses for the PTFE dispersion covered by this specification include, but are not limited to, casting of their films, impregnation of mechanical packings and other materials, surface coatings on various substrates, combined impregnation and coating of fibrous materials, and co-coagulation with other materials for subsequent processing into films, sheets, rods, and tubes. Note 2: Information in this specification is technically equivalent to related information in ISO 12086-1 and ISO 12086-2. 1.3 The values stated in SI units as detailed in IEEE/ASTM SI-10 are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portions of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary information is given in Notes 5 and 6.

Standard Specification for Aqueous Dispersions of Polytetrafluoroethylene

ASTM D5523-15 聚氨酯原料的标准测试方法:单体异氰酸酯中水解氯测定的阿根廷酸度

5.1 This test method is suitable for research or for quality control to characterize TDI and MDI. 5.2 This test method was developed to overcome problems with low-level acidity determinations that use glass electrodes in the presence of reagent alcohol solvents. Reagent alcohols contain acidic and basic species, which complicate the glass electrode methods at low levels of acidity. 1.1 This test method measures the hydrolyzable chlorine content of monomeric, aromatic isocyanates used as polyurethane raw materials and expresses it as HCl acidity. The test method is applicable to toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and monomeric methylene di(phenylisocyanate), known as MDI. The main sources of hydrolyzable chlorine and, therefore, acidity in monomeric aromatic isocyanates are carbamyl chlorides, acid chlorides, and dissolved phosgene. All of these compounds react with alcohols and water to form hydrochloric acid. 1.2 This test method applies only to monomeric isocyanates in which all of the acidity is derived from species that generate HCl on solvolysis. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.

Standard Test Method for Polyurethane Raw Materials: Acidity by Argentometric Determination of Hydrolyzable Chlorine in Monomeric, Aromatic Isocyanates

ASTM D789-15 使用印刷机点样法测量在役发动机油分散性的标准测试方法

4.1 These test methods are intended for use as control and acceptance tests. They are also applicable in the partial evaluation of materials for specific end uses and as a means for detecting changes in materials due to specific deteriorating causes. 4.2 The steps involved in running this method are: 4.2.1 Calibration of the viscometers, 4.2.2 Preparation of solutions, 4.2.3 Determination of efflux time, 4.2.4 Calculation of relative viscosity (which requires the following), 4.2.4.1 Determining the density of the polymer/formic acid solution, and 4.2.4.2 Determining the absolute viscosity of the formic acid used. 4.3 Viscosity for groups 03, 04, and 05 (PA11, PA12, and PA6,12) in Classification System D6779 shall be measured using solvents other than formic acid. Relative viscosities for Groups 03 and 04 shall be measured using 0.5 g of polymer dissolved in 99.5 g of m-cresol at 25.0 ± 0.1°C in a Cannon-Fenske No. 200 viscometer. Inherent viscosity of Group 05 shall be measured using 0.5 g of polymer dissolved in 100 mL of m-cresol at 25.0 ± 0.1°C in a Cannon-Fenske No. 200 viscometer. The inherent viscosity is calculated as follows: where: ts   =   average efflux time for sample solution, tc   =   average efflux time for solvent, and C   =   concentration in g/100 mL 1.1 These test methods cover the determination of solution viscosities as they apply to polyamide (PA). 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in brackets are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1: This standard and ISO8201;307 addre......

Standard Test Methods for Determination of Solution Viscosities of Polyamide (PA)

ASTM C1147-14 测定耐化学热塑性塑料短期拉伸焊接强度的标准实施规程

5.1 The mechanical performance of welded thermoplastic structures is largely dependent on the quality of the welding operation. It is necessary for fabricators to determine that the proper welding procedures are being followed and that welders maintain their proficiency. Results from this practice are indicative of skill in proper welding procedures for different thermoplastic materials and the use of appropriate welding equipment. If the welded test specimens have short term weld factors that meet or exceed the minimums as set forth in this practice, it can be concluded that, with the same degree of skill and diligence by the welder, acceptable welds can be obtained in fabricated structures. 1.1 This practice covers the preparation and evaluation of joints between two pieces of weldable grades of thermoplastic materials, backed and unbacked, (such as those shown in Table 1) up to 2 in. (50 mm) in thickness.TABLE 1 Typical Guide for Hot Gas Welding TemperaturesNote 1—For other welding techniques, consult material and equipment supplier for recommendations.   °F (°C)A Recommended Gas TypeB HDPE 500–600 (260–316) Nitrogen or Air PP 550–600 (288–316) Nitrogen or Air PVC 500–550 (260–288) Air CPVC 550–660 (288–349) Air PVDF 650–680 (343–360) Nitrogen or Air ECTFE 665–695 (352–368) Nitrogen

Standard Practice for Determining the Short Term Tensile Weld Strength of Chemical-Resistant Thermoplastics

ASTM D4101-14 聚乙烯喷射和挤压材料的标准规格

1.1 This specification covers polypropylene materials suitable for injection molding and extrusion. Polymers consist of homopolymer, copolymers, and elastomer compounded with or without the addition of impact modifiers (ethylene-propylene rubber, polyisobutylene rubber, and butyl rubber), colorants, stabilizers, lubricants, or reinforcements. 1.2 This specification allows for the use of those polypropylene materials that can be recycled, reconstituted, and reground, provided that: (1) the requirements as stated in this specification are met, and (2) the material has not been modified in any way to alter its conformance to food contact regulations or similar requirements. The proportions of recycled, reconstituted, and reground material used, as well as the nature and the amount of any contaminant, cannot be practically covered in this specification. It is the responsibility of the supplier and the buyer of recycled, reconstituted, and reground materials to ensure compliance. (See Guide D7209.) 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.Note 1—The properties included in this specification are those required to identify the compositions covered. There may be other requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics important to specific applications. These will be designated by using the suffixes given in Section 1. 1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 13, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 2—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.

Standard Specification for Polypropylene Injection and Extrusion Materials

ASTM D6394-14 砜塑料 (SP) 的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers the classification of sulfone plastics suitable for injection molding and extrusion. 1.2 The properties included in this specification are those required to identify the compositions covered. Other requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics important to specialized applications are to be specified by using the suffixes in Section 5. See Guide D5740. 1.3 This specification is intended to be a means of calling out sulfone plastics used in the fabrication of end items or parts. Material selection can be made by those having expertise in the plastics field only after careful consideration of the design and the performance required of the part, the environment to which it will be exposed, the fabrication process to be employed, the cost involved, and the inherent properties of the material other than those covered by this specification. 1.4 Sulfone polymers, being thermoplastic, are reprocessable and recyclable. This specification allows for the use of those sulfone polymer materials, provided that any specific requirements are met. 1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 11, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1—Reference Guide D7209 for information and definitions related to recycled plastics.Note 2—ISO8201;25137 is similar in subject matter but not equivalent to this specification.

Standard Specification for Sulfone Plastics 40;SP41;

ASTM D6713-14 采用聚40;偏二氟乙烯PVDF41制成的挤制和模压成型型材的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers the requirements and test methods for the material, dimensions, and workmanship, and the properties of extruded sheet, rod and tubular bar manufactured from PVDF. 1.2 The properties included in this specification are those required for the compositions covered. Requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics important to specialized applications are described by using the classification system given in Section 4. 1.3 This specification allows for the use of recycled plastics (as defined in Guide D7209). 1.4 The values stated in English units are to be regarded as the standard in all property and dimensional tables. For reference purposes, SI units are also included in Tables X and S-PVDF only. 1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portions of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.Note 1—There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard. ISO 12086-1 and ISO 12086-2 have pertinent information.

Standard Specification for Extruded and Compression Molded Shapes Made from Poly40;Vinylidene Fluoride41; 40;PVDF41;

ASTM D3641-14 热模塑和挤压材料的喷射模塑法试样的标准操作规程

5.1 It is well known that plastic test specimens molded under different conditions can have significantly different properties. This practice is designed to minimize those differences by establishing operating protocols without being unnecessarily restrictive. 5.2 Always refer to the ASTM material specification or ISO designation for the material for recommended molding conditions. If not available, consult the material supplier. 5.3 This practice requires the use of adequate quantities of plastic material to find desirable operating conditions and to make the desired test specimens. 1.1 This practice covers the general principles to be followed when injection molding test specimens of thermoplastic molding and extrusion materials. This practice is to be used to obtain uniformity in methods of describing the various steps of the injection molding process and to set up uniform methods of reporting these conditions. The exact conditions required to prepare suitable specimens will vary for each plastic material. Any requirements or recommendations in the material specification that differ from this standard take precedence over those in this standard. Always consult the referenced material document for specimen preparation. If no referenced document exists, then consult the material supplier for specimen preparation guidance and note such in the test report. 1.2 The methodology presented assumes the use of reciprocating screw injection molding machines. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1—This practice is equivalent to the following parts of ISO 294: Plastics—Injection Moulding of Test Specimens of Thermoplastic Materials; 294-1: Part 1—General Principles and Multipurpose Test Specimens (ISO Type A Mould) and Bars (ISO Type B Mould); ISO 294-2: Part 2—Small Tensile Bars (ISO Type C Mould); ISO 294-3: Part 3—Plates (ISO Type D Moulds).

Standard Practice for Injection Molding Test Specimens of Thermoplastic Molding and Extrusion Materials

ASTM E2203-14 压缩密封件, 垫圈, 镶嵌夹具, 间隔物和附件的致密热塑性弹性体的标准规范

1.1 This specification describes products composed of dense thermoplastic elastomers that are fabricated into gaskets and accessories (such as compression seals, setting blocks, spacers, and shims) for use in sealing and glazing applications in building construction. These products are used to seal or serve as components of compression sealing systems between mechanically restrained surfaces in building construction. 1.2 The values stated in metric (SI) units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only. 1.3 Test Method C1166, as referenced in this specification, should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire risk assessment that takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

Standard Specification for Dense Thermoplastic Elastomers Used for Compression Seals, Gaskets, Setting Blocks, Spacers and Accessories

ASTM D3748-14 评价高密度硬质泡沫塑料的标准操作规程

1.1 This practice covers the basic test procedures for determination of the physical properties and reporting of data for high-density rigid cellular plastics. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 1—This standard and ISO8201;9054 address the same subject matter, but differ in technical content.

Standard Practice for Evaluating High-Density Rigid Cellular Plastics

ASTM D6261-14 热塑聚酯 (TPES) 制挤压和压缩模塑基本型材的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for the material, dimensions, and workmanship, and the properties of extruded and compression molded plate, rod and tubular bar manufactured from thermoplastic polyester. 1.2 The properties included in this specification are those required for the compositions covered. Use the classification system given in Section 4 to describe requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics important to specialized applications. 1.3 This specification allows the use of recycled plastics2 (see Section 4). 1.4 The values are stated in inch-pound units and are regarded as the standard in all property and dimensional tables. For reference purposes, SI units are also included in Table 1 and Table S-TPES only. 1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portions sections of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.

Standard Specification for Extruded and Compression Molded Basic Shapes Made from Thermoplastic Polyester 40;TPES41;

ASTM D3678-14 硬质聚氯乙烯 (PVC) 内异型挤压料的标准规格

1.1 This specification establishes requirements for the material properties, including dimensional stability and extrusion quality, of rigid, poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) interior-profile extrusions. Methods for identifying interior-profile extrusions that comply with the requirements of this specification are provided. 1.2 Use of rigid PVC recycled plastic is permitted in accordance with the requirements of Sections 6 and 7. 1.3 Rigid PVC compounds for interior building product applications are covered in Specification D1784. 1.4 Rigid PVC exterior profile extrusions for assembled windows and doors are covered in Specification D4726. 1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in Tables and Figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are given for information only. Note 1: Information with regard to application should be obtained from the manufacturers of the profiles. Note 2: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard. 1.7 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Specification for Rigid Poly40;Vinyl Chloride41; 40;PVC41; Interior-Profile Extrusions

ASTM D6436-14 塑料和热塑性弹性体特性报告的标准指南

4.1 This guide is intended to provide ready access to the recommended property name, test method reference, maximum number of significant digits,4 and appropriate units for commonly used plastics and thermoplastic elastomer tests. 4.2 It is particularly useful for those involved in the writing and proofreading of documents containing data for a large number of tests since the need to go to each individual test method should be greatly minimized. 4.3 SI units are to be regarded as standard. U.S. Customary units and conversion factors are provided to accommodate those situations where it is necessary to report both. U.S. Customary refers to units commonly used in the United States and is not always the same as inch-pound units. 1.1 This guide provides recommendations for reporting the property values of plastics and thermoplastic elastomers in published literature, data sheets, presentations, comparative analysis, and so forth. It is intended to minimize confusion when comparing the data from several sources. 1.2 This standard is not intended to replace recommendations within the test methods for reporting data. Refer to the test method or use other guidance to determine the number of significant figures for reporting laboratory test results.Note 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.

Standard Guide for Reporting Properties for Plastics and Thermoplastic Elastomers

ASTM D5630-13 塑料中灰分含量的标准试验方法

5.1 Inorganic residues from plastics ashing may be antiblock, fillers, reinforcements, catalyst residues, colorants, etc. The quantitative amounts of each are important variables of the manufacturing process. 1.1 This test method was developed to determine the inorganic content of plastics by destructive ashing procedures. Ash levels of 0.018201;% or above are covered by this test method. 1.2 These ashing procedures are used only to quantify the residual solids in the polymer and can not be used to identify the individual chemical components of the ash, qualitatively. 1.3 This test method is limited to those materials (including glass) that are stable to 900°C. Test Method D2584 is recommended for unknown samples, and in instances where fusion of the inorganic portions may be of concern. 1.4 Fluorinated polymers and polymers containing halogenated components have not been included in these procedures. 1.5 Two procedures for determining the inorganic residue in plastics are listed as follows: 1.5.1 Procedure A, Muffle-Furnace Technique— For 5 – 50 gram samples. Samples are flamed over a burner prior to being ashed in a muffle furnace. 1.5.2 Procedure B, Rapid-Ash Muffle-Furnace Technique— For 2–10 gram samples. Samples are ignited and ashed in a muffle furnace. Note 1—For more efficient ashing, the plastic sample should be in the form of powder or pellet.Note 2—This test method provides consistent results of filler content for a specific filler in a specific resin. However, this method may not provide the absolute filler content in all cases. This includes polymers filled with CaCO3, nano clays, and Carbon Black.Note 3—Procedure B is equivalent to ISO 3451/1-(E), Method A. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 9 for specific precautionary statements.

Standard Test Method for Ash Content in Plastics

ASTM D1693-13 乙烯塑料的环境应力破裂的标准试验方法

5.1 This test method may be used for routine inspection purposes by subjecting a required number of specimens to the test conditions for a specified time and noting the number that fail. The cracking obtained with the test reagent is indicative of what may be expected from a wide variety of surface-active agents, soaps, and organic substances that are not absorbed appreciably by the polymer. 5.2 Environmental stress-cracking is a property that is highly dependent upon the nature and level of the stresses applied and on the thermal history of the specimen (1). Under the conditions of the test method, high local multiaxial stresses are developed through the introduction of a controlled imperfection (2, 3). Environmental stress-cracking has been found to occur most readily under such conditions. Note 2—Different types of polyethylene plastics as defined in Specification D1248 are generally tested under different levels of strain and stress. When it is expressly desired to compare the types at equal levels of strain, the specimens for all types should be tested under Condition B, Table 1 (4) . TABLE 1 Standard Test Conditions Condition Specimen Thickness Notch Depth Bath Temperature, °C mmA in. mm

Standard Test Method for Environmental Stress-Cracking of Ethylene Plastics

ASTM D6878/D6878M-13 热塑性聚烯烃基板材屋面的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers flexible sheet made from thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO) as the principal polymer, intended for use in single-ply roofing membranes exposed to the weather. The sheet shall contain reinforcing fabrics or scrims. 1.2 The tests and property limits used to characterize the sheet are values intended to ensure minimum quality for the intended purpose. In-place roof system design criteria, such as fire resistance, field seaming strength, material compatibility, and uplift resistance, among others, are factors which should be considered but are beyond the scope of this specification. 1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

Standard Specification for Thermoplastic Polyolefin Based Sheet Roofing

ASTM D3012-13 使用炉内样品旋转器测定丙烯塑料热氧化稳定性的标准试验方法

5.1 Under the severe conditions of this test method, the specimens undergo degradation at a rate that is dependent upon the thermal endurance of the polypropylene material under examination. 5.2 The thermal level of this test method is considered sufficiently severe to cause failure of commercial grades of heat-stable polypropylene within a reasonable period of time. If desired, lower temperatures can be applied to estimate the performance of polypropylene materials with lower heat stability. 5.3 The technique of specimen rotation described in this test method provides an estimate of the life-temperature relationship of polypropylene. If this test method is conducted at different temperatures on the same material, a more reliable estimate of the life-temperature relationship of polypropylene is determined. This test method can be conducted at several temperatures and the data interpreted through use of the Arrhenius relation, by plotting the logarithms of times to failure against the reciprocals of the temperatures in kelvins (K). Temperatures in the range from 100 to 150°C, with intervals of 10°C, are suggested for this purpose. 5.4 The stability as determined under the prescribed test method is not directly related to the suitability of the compound for a use where different conditions prevail. 5.5 The specimen rotation technique of thermal aging increases the probability that all specimens will be exposed similarly and that the effect of temperature gradients in an oven will be minimized. 1.1 This test method provides a means for estimating the resistance of polypropylene, in molded form, to accelerated aging by heat in the presence of air using a forced draft oven. 1.2 The stability determined by this test method is not directly related to the suitability of the material for use when different environmental conditions prevail and shall not be used to predict performance. Note 1—The specified thermal levels in this test method are considered sufficiently severe to cause failure of commercial grades of heat-stable polypropylene within a reasonable period of time. If desired, lower temperatures can be applied to estimate the performance of polypropylene with lower heat stabilities. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only. 1.4  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 2—This test method and ISO 4577–1983 are technically similar but different in preparation of test specimens, thickness of test specimen, measurement of the number of air flow changes in the ovens, and the number of air changes per hour required.......

Standard Test Method for Thermal-Oxidative Stability of Polypropylene Using a Specimen Rotator Within an Oven